DEXTROSE 5% SOLUTION 90ML

Indications

Approved Uses

Indicated as a source of water, carbohydrate calories (dextrose), and electrolytes (sodium/chloride) for intravenous hydration and maintenance/replacement of fluids and electrolytes when oral intake is not possible or inadequate.

Off-Label Uses

Common off-label uses include serving as a compatible IV diluent/vehicle for certain medications and as part of hyperkalemia management when paired with insulin (institutional protocols vary and require close glucose monitoring).

Dosage & Administration

Dosing by Condition

Dose and infusion rate are individualized based on age, weight, clinical condition, and laboratory monitoring (fluid status, electrolytes, glucose); administer per prescriber order rather than a fixed mL/day regimen.

Dose Adjustment Notes

Use with caution and consider lower rates/volumes with close monitoring in patients at risk of fluid overload or impaired clearance (e.g., heart failure, renal impairment, edema/sodium retention states); in diabetes or stress hyperglycemia, adjust infusion and/or insulin based on frequent blood glucose and electrolyte monitoring.

How to Take

For intravenous infusion only using aseptic technique; inspect solution and container for particulate matter/leaks/discoloration before use; administer at the prescribed rate (preferably via infusion pump) and avoid rapid infusion-hypertonic dextrose solutions (e.g., 10%) should be infused slowly and preferably via a large peripheral vein or central access to reduce phlebitis/extravasation risk; do not use plastic containers in series connections.

How to Prepare

Ready-to-use IV solution; no reconstitution. Inspect for particulate matter/discoloration and container integrity before use. If additives are required, use aseptic technique, verify compatibility, and mix thoroughly after addition.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

Hyperglycemia; fluid overload/hypervolemia (including edema); electrolyte disturbances (e.g., hypokalemia and other dilutional shifts); infusion-site reactions such as pain/irritation, phlebitis/thrombosis, and extravasation; less commonly febrile response/infection related to IV access.

Side Effect Frequency

Frequency varies by patient and infusion rate; commonly reported: infusion-site reactions (phlebitis, pain/irritation, thrombosis/extravasation) and fluid/electrolyte disturbances. Hyperglycemia and fluid overload are clinically important and may be common with higher dextrose loads/rapid or large-volume infusion; electrolyte abnormalities (e.g., hypo-/hypernatremia, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia) can occur.

Safety & Warnings

Contraindications

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to components (including corn-derived dextrose where relevant); clinically significant hyperglycemia; and conditions where sodium/chloride or fluid administration is contraindicated (e.g., severe hypernatremia/hyperchloremia or severe fluid overload states).

Warnings & Precautions

Monitor blood glucose, serum electrolytes, and fluid balance/acid-base status; use caution in diabetes, cardiac/renal impairment, and patients at risk of fluid overload; avoid rapid/excess infusion; ensure solution clarity/sterility; do not co-administer with blood products through the same line.

Age Restriction

No absolute age restriction; may be used in all age groups with heightened caution and close monitoring in neonates/infants.

Drug Interactions

Food Interaction

Not applicable (IV product); no clinically meaningful food interactions.

Special Populations

Kidney Impairment

No formal renal dose adjustment, but use caution in renal impairment-limit volume/sodium load and monitor fluid balance and electrolytes closely.

Storage & Patient Advice

Storage Conditions

Store below 25°C. Protect from freezing. Single-use only; discard unused portion.

Preparation Instructions

Ready-to-use IV solution; no reconstitution. Inspect for particulate matter/discoloration and container integrity before use. If additives are required, use aseptic technique, verify compatibility, and mix thoroughly after addition.

Missed Dose

Not applicable in the usual sense because it is administered under medical supervision; if an infusion is interrupted, the clinician should reassess fluid/glucose/electrolyte needs and restart/adjust as appropriate.

Stopping the Medicine

Discontinuation is a clinical decision; if high-rate/prolonged dextrose infusions are stopped, reduce rate and monitor glucose to avoid hypoglycemia.

Overdose

Overdose may cause hyperglycemia with glycosuria/osmotic diuresis, fluid overload (including pulmonary edema), and electrolyte/acid-base disturbances (including sodium/chloride abnormalities); management is to stop/reduce infusion, correct fluids/electrolytes, and use insulin/diuretics/supportive care as clinically indicated.

Patient Counseling

Administered intravenously by healthcare professionals; do not self-administer. Report infusion-site pain/redness/swelling or leakage (extravasation). Inform clinicians if you have diabetes, heart failure, kidney disease, or are on fluid/salt restrictions; blood glucose and electrolytes may be monitored during infusion.

Monitoring Requirements

Monitor fluid balance (intake/output, weight, signs of edema/pulmonary congestion), serum glucose, and serum electrolytes (at minimum sodium, potassium, chloride; consider magnesium/phosphate with significant dextrose loads or prolonged therapy) and acid-base status as clinically indicated; monitor renal function in at-risk patients.

Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action

Dextrose provides a readily metabolizable carbohydrate source supplying calories and contributing to osmolarity; sodium chloride supplies extracellular sodium and chloride to help maintain intravascular/extracellular volume, osmotic pressure, and electrolyte balance.

Onset of Action

Immediate (upon IV administration)

Duration of Effect

No fixed duration; clinical effects (hydration, electrolyte delivery, caloric/glucose effect) occur during infusion and depend on the administered volume/rate and patient metabolism/renal handling.

Half-Life

Not meaningfully defined/clinically applicable (no single half-life for IV dextrose or sodium chloride due to rapid utilization and tight physiologic regulation).

Bioavailability

100% (intravenous administration)

Metabolism

Dextrose is metabolized via glycolysis and subsequent oxidative pathways to CO2 and water (and stored as glycogen); sodium and chloride are not metabolized.

Excretion

Dextrose: primarily metabolized/used by tissues; only excess is excreted renally as glucose if plasma levels exceed the renal threshold. Sodium and chloride: predominantly renal excretion with homeostatic regulation.

Protein Binding

0% / negligible (dextrose not protein bound; sodium and chloride not protein bound).

Product Information

Available Dosage Forms

Solution for injection/infusion (intravenous solution) supplied in a bottle.

Composition per Dose

Each 250 mL: Dextrose 10% (25 g dextrose) + Sodium Chloride 0.225% (562.5 mg sodium chloride)

Generic Availability

Yes

OTC Alternatives

No OTC alternative

Primary Use

Intravenous fluid and caloric replacement for hydration, electrolyte replenishment, and energy supplementation

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